EUROPT 2025
Abstract Submission

95. The Surprising Agreement Between Convex Optimization Theory and Learning-Rate Scheduling for Large Model Training

Invited abstract in session MD-10: Interactions between optimization and machine learning, stream Zeroth and first-order optimization methods.

Monday, 16:30-18:30
Room: B100/8011

Authors (first author is the speaker)

1. Fabian Schaipp
Mathematics, Inria Paris
2. Alexander Hägele
EPFL Lausanne
3. Adrien Taylor
Inria/ENS
4. Umut Simsekli
INRIA
5. Francis Bach
INRIA

Abstract

We show that learning-rate schedules for large model training behave surprisingly similar to a performance bound from non-smooth convex optimization theory. We provide a bound for the constant schedule with linear cooldown; in particular, the practical benefit of cooldown is reflected in the bound due to the absence of logarithmic terms. Further, we show that this surprisingly close match between optimization theory and practice can be exploited for learning-rate tuning: we achieve noticeable improvements for training 124M and 210M Llama-type models by (i) extending the schedule for continued training with optimal learning-rate, and (ii) transferring the optimal learning-rate across schedules.

Keywords

Status: accepted


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