1909. Unlocking the Potential of Carnot Batteries in Industrial Energy Systems: A Target Cost Analysis Approach
Invited abstract in session MB-44: Inverse Design Modelling of Energy Systems, stream Energy Economics & Management.
Monday, 10:30-12:00Room: Newlyn 1.01
Authors (first author is the speaker)
| 1. | Jonas Thomsen
|
| Institute for Solid State Physics, Leibniz University Hanover |
Abstract
In the transition to a decarbonised energy system, the need for medium- and long-term electrical energy storage solutions increases. While Power-to-H2-to-Power is projected to be dominant for seasonal storage and lithium-ion batteries (LIB) for short-term balancing, Carnot batteries (CB) offer a scalable alternative for storage over days and weeks. CBs also offer advantages compared to pumped hydro or compressed air storage, as they can be located independently from geographical requirements. However, due to their low technology readiness level there is a lack of reliable data regarding their potential costs and the corresponding achievable efficiencies.
While most studies find CBs to be economically unfeasible for grid applications, they could be a viable option for behind-the-meter solutions, depending on factors such as load profile and on-site energy sources. To assess their potential, we use an inverse optimization approach to determine the maximum target costs for CBs. In a case study for three industrial sectors at two locations in Germany (wind- vs. solar-dominated) for the year 2046 we demonstrate that CBs are particularly attractive in wind-heavy regions and for industries with weekly load shifting potential. In solar-dominated scenarios, CBs primarily serve daily balancing and face stronger competition from LIBs.
The inverse approach can help to identify suitable markets for CBs and define economic and technical development targets, such as cost and efficiency.
Keywords
- OR in Energy
- Optimization Modeling
- Multi-Objective Decision Making
Status: accepted
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